Whats The Best Way Rank For Services In Different Locations?

One of my clients offers courses in 4 locations, sometimes they struggle to rank for the course on offer and the location, for example:"Course 1 - London"
What is the best way to try and target these specific locations, as far as I can see there is 3 possible options:

1. Include a location/address section on the footer of every page - we have done this already but hasn't been working well.
2. Update the individual locations to include all courses - worried this will cause keyword cannibalization
3. Include a "locations we offer this course" on each course page with a small blurb of 50-100 words including some keywords.

What would you say is the best option for this? Any other tips appreciated.